“40 Years of Horticulture Education in Cluj-Napoca, 1977-2017”

Celebrating 40 years of excellence in education and research in the field of horticulture within the Faculty of Horticulture at the University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, in 2017, represents a moment of great joy for the academic staff, the graduates and the students of the faculty. This is celebrated with an impressive ceremony and a scientific programme:“40 Years of Horticulture Education in Cluj-Napoca, 1977-2017” September 26-27, 2017, Aula Magna “Mihai Serban”, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca.The accepted papers (peer reviewed) were published in two special issues (Volume 45, Issue 2, 2017, and Volume 46, Issue 1, 2018) of Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca journal (http://www.notulaebotanicae.ro) dedicated exclusively for this celebration

Local Using of Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

In order to use a taxonomy system for queries in the project entitled Evaluation in the spontaneous flora of phytopharmaceutical action in relation with structure, composition or genotype using metaheuristic algorithms and evolutionary programming" (Postdoctoral fellow at University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca supported by POSDRU/89/1.5/S/62371) a study of IT IS (Integrated Taxonomic Information System) database usage in a local network were conducted. Installation, and query construction on the ITIS database are discussed

Effect of Roots Pruning upon the Growth and Fruiting of Apple Trees in High Density Orchards

The influence of roots cutting on growth and fruiting of five apple cultivars ‘Gala’, ‘Jonica’,‘Topaz’, ‘Florina’, ‘Granny Smith’), under the climatic conditions of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, in 2009-2010, was studied. The trees were grafted on M9 rootstocks, trained as slender spindle and the orchardhad a density of 3174 trees/ha. Roots were cut twice annually, at 60 cm distance from the trunk and 30cm depth, as followed: first time, to the autumn fall leaves on one side of the row and the second time,in spring, at blooming time. The treatments had a strong influence, statistically assured, upon the shootgrowth, number of bearing branches, cumulative yield, trunk cross sectional area, the ratio of the yieldto a trunk cross-section. Root pruning reduced the average length of shoots. The longest shoots, inmean values, gave unpruned root variant (52.07 cm). Root pruning decrease the average length ofannual growth (29.47 cm). The biggest average trunks cross sectional area with the unpruned systemwere obtained (34.82 cm2). Also root pruning influenced the yield of the trees. The best cumulativeyield was obtained in variant of root pruning system (98.75 t/ha) followed by unpruned root system(97.8 t/ha). Finally, root pruning increased productivity. The biggest value in ‘Topaz’ with root prunedwas registered (1.79 kg/cm2). The lowest value of productivity index in unpruned system variant wasobtained

A New Fungicide Based on Copper with Low Concentration and High Dispersion for Plum, Sweet Cherry and Sour Cherry

Copper sulphate remains an important fungicide for combating major diseases in stone fruits species. Using of this fungicide repeatedly creates some problems such as accumulation of copper ions in the soil until it becomes toxic concentrations for plant and micro flora and micro fauna of the soil. This paper presents results of a study verifying the effectiveness of copper sulphate as fungal substance applied in doses of 18 to 25 times smaller than conventional commonly used substances such as Bordelaise mixture or Kocide 101WP. In this formulation, the cooper has high dispersion made by depositing it on a bioactive support. The bioactive support contains the following ions: Mg2+, PO43-, Ca2+, NH4+ which represent food source for the trees. In the same time, this formulation are both part of fungicide and foliar fertilizer. This Cooper formula proved to be very effective against the most important diseases of plum (Monilinia laxa, Xanthomonas pruni, Polistigma rubrum, Taphrina pruni) sweet cherry and sour cherry (Pseudomonas syringae van Hall, Coccomyces hiemalis Higg, Stigmina carpophila (Lev.) M.B. and Monilinia laxa (Aderh et Ruhl) Hon Ellis), the attack degree two or three time have been reduced. Cooper HD (high dispersion) can be administered together with a series of leaf fertilizers situation where it is absorbed by the surface of leaves it possesses an effect of longer duration. Lack of alkaline reaction makes it compatible with the majority of pesticides. The advantages it displays recommends this copper formula for the technologies of phyto-sanitary protection of the stone-fruits

Effects of Fall Applications of Urea in Order to Improve Fruit Sizes, Weight and Buds Cold Hardiness in Sweet Cherry

The influence of treatments with urea, in quantity of 10 litres per hectare each time, on four cultivars of sweet cherry under the climatic conditions of Cluj-Napoca, Romania, in 2010-2011, was studied. Measurements on length of shoots, leaf area, trunk cross sectional area, yield and fruits weight were made. There were no differences regarding fruit firmness compared to untreated control. Better results using two treatments with urea were obtained. Treatment with, urea in tree variants were made: V1 - control which has no treatment received with urea; V2 - in which one treatment of urea inquantity of 10 litres per hectare in the autumn after fruits harvest but before leaves fall; V3, received two sprinklings with urea in quantity of 10 litres per hectare; one of them in the autumn after fruit harvest but before leaves fall and the second in the spring. Measurements were made on length ofshoots, leaf area, trunk cross sectional area, yield and fruits weight. Both treatments with urea increased the length of shoots, leaf area, trunk cross sectional area, yield and fruits weight. The best results in case of V3 - one treatment with urea in quantity of 10 litres per hectare in the autumn after fruits harvest but before leaves fall plus the second one in the spring before buds burst were performed

BULETIN INFORMATIV, anul XIII, nr. 2(26), 2014

ACADEMIA DE ÅžTIINÅ¢E AGRICOLE ÅžI SILVICE “Gheorghe Ionescu Åžișești†FILIALA CLUJ-NAPOCA Buletin informativ, anul XIII, nr. 2(26) 2014 Cuprinde: Activitatea Biroului Filialei Cluj-Napoca a ASAS (2014) Dare de seamă a Filialei Cluj-Napoca a ASAS (2014) Â

Reducing Primary Inoculum of Apple Scab Using Foliar Application of Urea in Autumn

The effect of applications of urea 5% after harvest but before leaf-fall, as foliarapplication, in order to restrict perithecial production by Venturia inaequalis in a commercial superintensive apple orchard situated near Cluj-Napoca, Romania was studied. The urea works in two ways:directly by inhibiting the development of ascospores, and by stimulating the development ofantagonistic microorganisms from against V. inaequalis. There are several possibilities to reduce theamount of overwintering apple scab, such as removing fallen leaves by raking, vacuuming, or usingleaf blowers, chopping or shredding the leaf litter in the spring. Primary infection of scab conidia isproduced by infected leaf litter on the orchard floor. Any modalities that reduce the amount of leaflitter will help to reduce the amount of inoculum for primary infection with scab. Urea-treated leavesdecomposed rapidly infected leaf litter, thus destroying the overwintering substrate for the V.inaequalis fungus. The results have shown large reductions in spore production, often as high as 70 to80%, following application of 5% urea. Spraying the surface of the leaves on the ground with urea 5%reduced primary infection by about 60%. In conclusion, urea applications proved to be effective toreduce apple scab inoculum. Combining the urea with other modalities of leaf shredding provides thegreatest reductions in ascospores

Chlorophylls - natural solar cells

A molecular modeling study was conducted on a series of six natural occurring chlorophylls. Quantum chemistry calculated orbital energies were used to estimate frequency of transitions between occupied molecular orbital and unoccupied molecular orbital energy levels of chlorophyll molecules in vivo conditions in standard (ASTMG173) environmental conditions. Obtained results are in good agreement with energies necessary to fix the Magnesium atom by chlorophyll molecules and with occurrence of chlorophylls in living vegetal organisms.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables; paper in proceeding